Simple and precise thermoelectric power measurement setup for different environments

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

We report here on a simple but precise thermoelectric power measurement setup that can be adapted for different environments. This setup has been extensively used for cryogen-free environment to measure a variety of samples. It is made simple to load and hold the sample between two copper blocks by a spring-shaft arrangement. The usable range of measurements is a few microV/K to a few hundreds of microV/K. The salient features of the setup in achieving good precision both in natural warm-up/cooldown and controlled measurements are (i) the continuous DeltaT control across the sample by a chromel-AuFe(0.07%) thermocouple and (ii) the measurements of emf generated across the sample and the thermocouple using a nanovoltmeter and a scanner system. The versatile nature of the setup is further demonstrated by employing it in a magnetic field environment up to 140 kOe. The precision achieved using this system is highlighted for a few systems of current interest.