Key result
Age >60, hypertension, HbA1c >6.5%, and lack of outdoor exercise linked to suppressed BNT162b2 antibody responses.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to evaluate the antibody response after administration of the BNT162b2 vaccine and to identify the factors that affect antibody production.
What factors affect the antibody response after administration of the BNT162b2 vaccine in hospital workers?
Observational (n=374)
No
What factors affect the antibody response after administration of the BNT162b2 vaccine in hospital workers?
Older age, hypertension, elevated HbA1c, and lack of outdoor exercise suppress antibody response to the BNT162b2 vaccine, while a longer interval between doses enhances it.
Should not yet guide personalized BNT162b2 strategies; hypothesis-generating and needs validation in prospective studies.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibody reaction after administration of the BNT162b2 vaccine, and to reveal the factors that affect antibody production. This prospective study was carried out in the Association of EISEIKAI Medical and Healthcare Corporation Minamitama Hospital, in Tokyo, Japan, from April 15, 2021 to June 09, 2021. All our hospital's workers who were administered the BNT162b2 vaccine as part of a routine program were included in this study. We calculated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibody titter (1) before vaccination, (2) 7 to 20 days after the first vaccination, and (3) A total of 7 to 20 days after the second vaccination. The low-antibody titer group (LABG) was defined as the group having less than 25 percentiles of antibody titer. Univariate and Multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to ascertain the effects of factors on the likelihood of LABG. A total of 374 participants were eventually included in our study, and they were divided into 94 LABG and 280 non-LABG. All samples showed significant antibody elevation in the second antibody test, with a mean value of 3,476 U/mL. When comparing the LABG and non-LABG groups, the median age, blood sugar, and HbA1c were significantly higher in the LABG group. The rates of participants with low BMI (<18.5) and high BMI (>30) were significantly higher in the LABG group. The proportion of chronic lung disease, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, autoimmune disease, and cancer were significantly higher in the LABG group. Although there was no significant difference confirmed with respect to the exercise hours per day, the proportion of participants that did not perform outdoor exercises was significantly higher in the LABG group. The time interval between the second vaccination and the second antibody test, and between the first and the second vaccination was significantly longer in the non-LABG group. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, older than 60 years, the past history of hypertension, HbA1c higher than 6.5%, and lack of outdoor exercises were significant suppressors of antibody responses, whereas the length of days from the first to the second vaccination longer than 25 days promoted a significant antibody response. Again, our single-center study demonstrates that older than 60 years, hypertension, HbA1c higher than 6.5%, and lack of outdoor exercises were significant suppressors of antibody responses, whereas the length of days from the first to the second vaccination longer than 25 days promoted a significant antibody response. Evidence from multi-center studies is needed to develop further vaccination strategies.
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Mitsunaga et al. (2021) conducted an observational in BNT162b2 vaccination (n=374). Risk factors (age >60 years, hypertension, HbA1c >6.5%, lack of outdoor exercise) vs. Absence of these risk factors was evaluated on Low-antibody titer (less than 25th percentile). Age older than 60 years, hypertension, HbA1c >6.5%, and lack of outdoor exercise significantly suppressed antibody responses to the BNT162b2 vaccine.