Why the study?
Despite advances with direct oral anticoagulants, challenges persist in managing residual thrombotic and bleeding risks, particularly among vulnerable populations, prompting pursuit of factor XI/XIa inhibitors.
Factor XI/XIa inhibitors are emerging as a novel therapeutic target for anticoagulation with potential applications in various high-risk populations.
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May reduce bleeding in anticoagulation; leaves open efficacy and practice change pending phase III trials.
Anticoagulation therapy has undergone significant evolution, marked by the emergence of direct oral anticoagulants with distinct advantages. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in managing residual thrombotic and bleeding risks, particularly among vulnerable populations. The pursuit of alternative drugs has honed in on factor XI/XIa inhibitors. This comprehensive review delves into several key aspects regarding this new target: (i) the role of factor XI in the coagulation cascade; (ii) the genetic evidence and pathophysiologic rationale supporting factor XI inhibition as a therapeutic target; (iii) an exploration of the various types of factor XI/XIa inhibitors currently under investigation; (iv) potential applications of these medications, spanning thromboprophylaxis after orthopedic surgery, stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation, secondary prevention after acute coronary syndrome, non-cardioembolic stroke, thromboprophylaxis after foreign material implantation, end-stage renal disease, and patients with cancer; and (v) an overview of ongoing studies, recent findings, and the future trajectory of research into these drugs.
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Presume et al. (2024) conducted a review in Thromboembolic diseases. Factor XI/XIa inhibitors vs. Current anticoagulants was evaluated.
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