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September 14, 2026International Journal of Health GeographicsOpen Access

Assessing the spatial alignment between AED supply and spatiotemporal cardiac arrest risk in Beijing: a multi-source geospatial analysis

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Authors

CSCheng SuInstitute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthSWShaohua WangGeneral Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals (China)JZJingyi ZhouFudan University

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Implication

Geospatial analysis reveals significant spatial gaps in emergency defibrillator coverage across urban populations, highlighting the need for risk-targeted residential deployment.

Key Points

  • To assess the spatial alignment between automated external defibrillator supply and localized spatiotemporal cardiac arrest risk using a multi-source geospatial evaluation framework.
  • Synthesized high-resolution population grids, points of interest, and nighttime light imagery to construct a composite risk index covering elderly vulnerability, public activity, and nighttime residential aggregation.
  • Modeled defibrillator accessibility through road network topology using a 3-minute effective travel threshold corresponding to a 4-minute total emergency response window.
  • Mapped emergency service blind spots and deployment priority using non-linear superposition, Global Bivariate Moran's I, and Local Bivariate LISA spatial statistics.
  • Defibrillator distribution exhibits a function-oriented bias toward commercial centers and transit hubs, leaving pronounced supply gaps across high-risk residential zones.
  • Elderly population vulnerability represents the leading driver of cardiac arrest risk heterogeneity, carrying the highest model weight of 0.3756.
  • Spatial autocorrelation analysis confirmed a significant negative correlation between risk and supply gap (Global Bivariate Moran’s I = -0.496), identifying multiple high-demand, high-gap clusters requiring prioritized intervention.

Cite This Study

Su et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa7b3770926e14a848b25bfhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12942-026-00492-4
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Leveraging primary healthcare institutions for the deployment of automated external defibrillators: a geospatial optimization analysis in Deyang, China2026
  2. 2Spatial equity in the allocation of lifesaving resources: a cross-sectional spatial evaluation of automated external defibrillators in four first-tier Chinese cities2026
  3. 3Automated external defibrillator location selection considering myocardial infarction risk and medical resources2024 · 2 citations
  4. 4A location analysis and modelling approach for optimising public access to an automated external defibrillator network2026
  5. 5Optimizing automated external defibrillator deployment within the walking golden window for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases: a case study from a Chinese city2025 · 3 citations