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Prospective cohort study reveals low complication rates and high satisfaction after upper-face botulinum toxin injections, highlighting the clinical safety of standardized protocols.
Introduction: Botulinum toxin type A is widely used for facial rejuvenation, but prospective real-world data integrating safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) remain limited. Objectives and Hypotheses: To evaluate complication rates, patient satisfaction, and predictors of satisfaction following standardized upper-face injections. Study Design: Prospective, single-center cohort study. Methods: A total of 489 patients undergoing 2,012 procedures were treated using a standardized protocol. Clinically significant complications were recorded over 4 weeks. PROs were assessed using a customized 20-item questionnaire. Results: The per-patient complication rate was 13.1%, while the per-procedure rate was 3.3%. Most complications were mild and resolved without sequelae. Overall, 94.1% of patients reported improvement, and 79.6% achieved ≥ 9/10 satisfaction. Younger age, female sex, and lower complication severity were associated with higher satisfaction. Conclusion: Standardized botulinum toxin protocols provide low complication rates and high patient satisfaction. Combined reporting of safety and PROs supports reproducible and clinically relevant evaluation.
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Chioibaș et al. (2026) studied this question.
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