What Mary Did Yesterday: Reflections on Knowledge‐wh

Reductionists about knowledge‐whhold that “sknows‐wh” (e.g. “John knows who stole his car”) is reducible to “there is a propositionpsuch thatsknows thatp, andpanswers the indirect question of thewh‐clause.” Anti‐reductionists hold that “sknows‐wh” is reducible to “sknows thatp,asthe true answer to the indirect question of thewh‐clause.” I argue that both of these positions are defective. I then offer a new analysis of knowledge‐whas a special kind of de re knowledge.