Key result
Atropine abolishes diving bradycardia in muskrats, while atropine and phentolamine markedly reduce forced underwater endurance.
Why the study?
Does pharmacological blockade alter cardiovascular responses to voluntary and forced diving in muskrats?
Population
Muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus)
Comparison
Acute pharmacological blockade with the… vs Saline injection
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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Caution against clinical extrapolation from muskrats; extends autonomic physiology of diving responses in mammals.
Does pharmacological blockade alter cardiovascular responses to voluntary and forced diving in muskrats?
Vagal efferent activity is crucial for diving bradycardia, and both bradycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction are necessary for maximum underwater endurance in muskrats.
Signore et al. (1995) studied Cardiovascular responses to diving. Pharmacological blockade (atropine, phentolamine, nadolol, propranolol) vs. Saline injection was evaluated on Heart rate and underwater endurance during voluntary and forced diving. In muskrats, diving bradycardia was abolished by atropine but unaffected by nadolol or phentolamine, while underwater endurance in forced dives was markedly reduced after atropine and phentolamine.
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