Aerobic oxidative desulfurization of benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene using an Anderson-type catalyst [(C18H37)2N(CH3)2]5[IMo6O24]

Benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) are oxidized to their corresponding sulfones by an Anderson-type catalyst [(C18H37)2N(CH3)2]5IMo6O24 using molecular oxygen as the oxidant under mild reaction conditions. These refractory sulfur-containing compounds can be oxidized completely in the absence of any sacrificial agent. Solvents such as acetonitrile and water play a negative effect on the oxidative desulfurization system. The catalytic activities of the amphiphilic Anderson catalysts depend on the quaternary ammonium cations. The reactivity of the sulfur-containing compounds follows the order 4,6-DMDBT > DBT > BT.