Direct synthesis of urea from carbon dioxide and ammonia

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Urea is an essential fertilizer needed to meet the global demand for food. Currently, its production rate by reaction of carbon dioxide with ammonia is slow and the energy demand is high. Here we discuss strategies to overcome these challenges. Urea, a crucial nitrogen fertilizer, plays a vital role in meeting global food demand. However, its current production method is energy-intensive and environmentally unfriendly. In this commentary article, the authors propose strategies to address and overcome these challenges.