Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles of Akkermansia muciniphila as a Potential Therapeutic Platform

Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the active biological compounds with significant roles in pathogenesis and intercellular interactions in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.Akkermansia muciniphila secretes EVs and represents 3-5% of the gut microbiota community and has impact on health conditions of individuals with healthy gut through mucin degradation.Recently, several studies have used innovated methods to extract and characterize EVs with potential applications as a part of a vaccine component.Methods: EVs extraction from A. muciniphila was performed by ultracentrifuge technique.The size, shape and protein patterns of the EVs were investigated by Electron Microscopy and SDS-PAGE.Results: The extracted EVs were confirmed by the shape of the vesicles and their sizes ranging from ~ 40 to 150 nm.Conclusion: The results of the current study indicated that the shape, size and conformation of A. muciniphila EVs were within the accepted range to be considered as a component of a vaccine delivery vehicle in the future studies.