We report on the first observation of magnetoelectric X-ray scattering (MEXS), i.e., incident- k -direction-dependent scattering, for a polar ferrimagnet GaFeO 3 . Near the K edge of Fe, the magnetic component of the (040) X-ray reflection shows a larger enhancement than that of the (020) X-ray reflection, which cannot be attributed to the genuine magnetic scattering, but to the MEXS of Fe 3+ ions. Toroidal moments as defined by the outer product of the Fe off-center displacement and the magnetic moment show ferroic ordering, which causes the resonant MEXS at the Fe 1 s –3 d excitation energy.
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Arima et al. (2005) studied this question.
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