Astaxanthin (1; 3,3′‐dihydroxy‐β,β‐carotene‐4,4′‐dione) isolated from lobster eggs (Homarus gammarus) was unexpectedly found to be a mixture of all three optical isomers as determined by HPLC. analysis of the corresponding diesters of (–)‐camphanic acid. This is the first finding of meso‐astaxanthin and a meso‐carotenoid in general in nature.
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Rønneberg et al. (1980) studied this question.
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