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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency or its ineffectiveness. Successful management of diabetes involves constant monitoring of the glycemic status of the patient which is usually done by estimating the glucose concentration in blood. However, drawing blood is always an invasive procedure which has prompted researchers to look at alternative biofluids as a reliable substitute to blood for glucose estimation. This mini review examines various biofluids including urine, tears, sweat, and saliva as possible candidates for glucose estimation in diabetic patients.
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Anuradha Gajjar (2020) studied this question.
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