Key result
Ginsenoside Rg1 markedly reduces blood glucose versus controls in diabetic animal models.
Why the study?
Existing laboratory data suggested ginsenoside Rg1 may help treat diabetes and its complications via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, but evidence remained unclear and lacked reliability.
Does ginsenoside Rg1 improve glycemic control, oxidative stress, and inflammation in animal models of type 2 diabetes?
Meta-Analysis (n=401)
Does ginsenoside Rg1 improve glycemic control, oxidative stress, and inflammation in animal models of type 2 diabetes?
Standardized Mean Difference: -3.46 (95% CI -4.43–-2.49)
p-value: p=<0.00001
In animal models of type 2 diabetes, ginsenoside Rg1 demonstrates hypoglycemic effects mediated through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms.
Supports human trial planning; extends meta-analytic evidence for glycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects in T2D animal models.
Background: According to existing laboratory data, ginsenoside Rg1 may help cure diabetes and its complications by reducing oxidative stress (OS) and managing inflammation. However, this conclusion lacks reliability and is unclear. As a result, the purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in the treatment of diabetes and its complications. Methods: We searched for relevant studies published through December 2022, including electronic bibliographic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang. The SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Risk of Bias (SYRCLE RoB) tool was used to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the methodological quality of animal research. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan5.4 software, following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. This study is registered in the International Systems Review Prospective Registry (PROSPERO) as CRD42023386830. Results: Eighteen eligible studies involving 401 animals were included. Ginsenoside Rg1 was significantly correlated with blood glucose (BG), insulin levels, body weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. In addition, according to subgroup analysis, the hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in type 2 diabetic animals were not affected by experimental species, modeling, experimental drug dosage, or course of treatment. Conclusion: This meta-analysis presents a summary of the hypoglycemic effects of ginsenoside Rg1, which are achieved through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. These findings provide evidence-based support for the medical efficacy of ginsenoside Rg1. Specifically, ginsenoside Rg1 reduced MDA levels and restored SOD activity to exert its antioxidant activity. It had a positive effect on the reduction of IL-6 and TNF-α levels. However, the inclusion of studies with low methodological quality and the presence of publication bias may undermine the validity of the results. Further investigation with a more rigorous experimental design and comprehensive studies is necessary to fully understand the specific glycemic mechanisms of ginsenosides. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ , identifier https://CRD42023386830 .
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Xie et al. (2023) conducted a meta-analysis in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (hyperglycemia) (n=401). Ginsenoside Rg1 vs. Control group (non-functional sterile liquid or no treatment) was evaluated on Blood glucose (BG) (SMD -3.46, 95% CI -4.43 to -2.49, p=<0.00001). Ginsenoside Rg1 significantly reduced blood glucose levels compared to controls in diabetic animal models (SMD -3.46).
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