Key result
Right atrial ligation in chick embryos fails to induce severe flow disturbance or ventricular abnormalities.
Why the study?
Hypoplastic Right Heart Syndrome is a rare disease with an underdeveloped right ventricle, prompting the introduction of right atrial ligation in chick embryos to disturb right heart hemodynamics and establish an animal model.
Absolute Event Rate: 40.3% vs 39.5%
p-value: p=0.500
Right atrial ligation in chick embryos does not successfully replicate the severe flow disturbances and ventricular abnormalities seen in clinical Hypoplastic Right Heart Syndrome.
Right atrial ligation fails to model hypoplastic right heart in chick embryos; leaves open need for validated animal models of flow-mediated ventricular development.
Collectively known as congenital heart defects (CHDs), cardiac abnormalities at birth are the most common forms of neonatal defects. Being principally responsible for the heart's pumping power, ventricles are particularly affected by developmental abnormalities, such as flow disturbances or genomic defects. Hypoplastic Right Heart Syndrome (HRHS) is a rare disease where the right ventricle is underdeveloped. In this study, we introduce a surgical procedure performed on chick embryo, termed right atrial ligation (RAL) for disturbing hemodynamics within the right heart aiming in order to generate an animal model of HRHS. RAL is a new surgical manipulation, similar to the well-studied left atrial ligation (LAL) surgery but it induces the hemodynamic change into the right side of the heart. After inducing RAL, We utilized techniques such as Doppler ultrasound, x-ray micro-CT, histology, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis, for a comprehensive functional and structural analysis of a developing heart. Our results displayed that RAL does not induce severe flow disturbance and ventricular abnormalities consistent with clinical findings. This study allows us to better understand the hemodynamics-driven CHD development and sensitivities of ventricles under disturbed flows.
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Alser et al. (2022) studied Hypoplastic Right Heart Syndrome (HRHS) model (n=18). Right Atrial Ligation (RAL) vs. Control (healthy chick embryos) was evaluated on Peak atrioventricular (AV) canal velocity at embryonic day 5 (cm/s) (p=0.500). Right atrial ligation in chick embryos did not induce severe flow disturbance or significant ventricular abnormalities, with peak AV canal velocities remaining similar to controls (40.3 vs 39.5 cm/s).
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