Key result
Central venous catheters remain the leading risk factor for pediatric VTE in hospitalized children.
Why the study?
Venous thromboembolism in children has historically been considered uncommon, but its recognition and incidence in hospitalized pediatric populations have risen over the past few decades.
This review highlights the increasing incidence of pediatric VTE, its associated risk factors (notably central venous catheters), and current treatment options.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in children has historically been considered uncommon; however, it is increasingly recognized in hospitalized pediatric populations, and its incidence has risen over the past few decades. This can be attributed to several factors, including greater awareness of the condition, improved survival rates for children with chronic and complex medical conditions, increased use of supportive care (such as central venous catheters), and advancements in diagnostic imaging. Acquired conditions, such as infections, malignancies, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory bowel disease, are recognized as risk factors for VTE. Among these, the presence of a central venous catheter remains the most significant and common risk factor for pediatric VTE. In this review, we present and illustrate the pathophysiology and current treatment options for VTE in the pediatric population.
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Español et al. (2026) conducted a review in Pediatric venous thromboembolism. Central venous catheters remain the most significant and common risk factor for pediatric venous thromboembolism, an increasingly recognized condition in hospitalized children.
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