The possibility of laser cooling of alkaline-earth-metal atoms and ytterbium atoms using a two-photon transition is analyzed. We consider a ¹S₀-¹S₀ transition with excitation in near resonance with the ¹P₁ level. This greatly increases the two-photon transition rate, allowing an effective transfer of momentum. The experimental implementation of this technique is discussed and we show that for calcium, for example, two-photon cooling can be used to achieve a Doppler limit of 123μK. The efficiency of this cooling scheme and the main loss mechanisms are analyzed.
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Magno et al. (2003) studied this question.
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