Key result
Minimally invasive cardiovascular surgery provides a safe and effective alternative to standard median sternotomy.
This review highlights the incisions and approaches for minimally invasive cardiovascular surgery, emphasizing its benefits over traditional median sternotomy.
Supports expanded use in select patients; leaves open need for randomized confirmation of benefits.
Throughout the modern era of cardiac surgery, most operations have been performed via median sternotomy with cardiopulmonary bypass. This paradigm is changing, however, as cardiovascular surgery is increasingly adopting minimally invasive techniques. Advances in patient evaluation, instrumentation, and operative technique have allowed surgeons to perform a wide variety of complex operations through smaller incisions and, in some cases, without cardiopulmonary bypass. With patients desiring less invasive operations and the literature supporting decreased blood loss, shorter hospital length of stay, improved postoperative pain, and better cosmesis, minimally invasive cardiac surgery should be widely practiced. Here, we review the incisions and approaches currently used in minimally invasive cardiovascular surgery.
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Langer et al. (2016) conducted a review in Cardiovascular disease requiring surgery (aortic valve, mitral valve, coronary artery disease). Minimally invasive cardiovascular surgery vs. Standard median sternotomy was evaluated. Minimally invasive cardiovascular surgery techniques, including hemisternotomy, minithoracotomy, and robotic approaches, provide safe and effective alternatives to standard median sternotomy.
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