Key result
Female gender is linked to ~73% higher risk of post-STEMI heart failure versus males.
Why the study?
The study aimed to evaluate the impact of gender on outcomes among patients with STEMI at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Does female gender increase the risk of complications and mortality in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction?
Cohort (n=900)
No
Does female gender increase the risk of complications and mortality in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction?
Female patients presenting with STEMI have a higher incidence of heart failure and mitral regurgitation compared to males, which may be driven by their older age and higher burden of comorbidities at presentation.
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of gender on the outcomes among ST elevation myocardial infarction patients at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods This retrospective study analyzed the data of 900 patients (770 males and 130 females) admitted between January 2016 and December 2018 diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We recorded the baseline characteristics, comorbidities, treatment, complications, and mortality for all patients, and compared these data between female and male patients. Results The baseline characteristics: BMI and age were higher in females and were statistically significant (p = 0.0001). We found a higher incidence of heart failure in females than in males which was statistically significant (p = 0.0010). In addition, the mortality rate was higher in female than in male patients, although this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.3850). Conclusion In conclusion, despite the advances in the technology and the use of novel reperfusion therapies females were associated with poorer outcomes after adjustment of the baseline characteristics and risk factors. In other words, heart failure, mitral regurgitation, and arrhythmias were higher in females with significant p values.
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Alharbi et al. (2020) conducted a cohort in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (n=900). Female gender vs. Male gender was evaluated on Heart failure (aOR 1.73, 95% CI 1.149-2.590, p=0.0085). Female gender was associated with a significantly higher risk of developing heart failure following ST-elevation myocardial infarction compared to male gender (aOR 1.73).
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