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August 9, 2023Biology of SportOpen Access

Running >30m at ≥21 km/h in 5 minutes is linked to ~615% higher hamstring injury odds.

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Why the study?

The study was conducted to examine match running patterns immediately before a hamstring muscle injury occurs during a match in male professional football players.

Does a short period of higher running demands increase the risk of hamstring muscle injury in professional football players?

Population

281 male professional football players from 7 LaLiga teams

Comparison

Running patterns 5 and 15 min pre-injury vs corresponding periods in previous 5 matches

Design

Prospective observational cohort study

Follow-up

Three seasons

Key result

Running more than 30.0 m at speeds ≥ 21 km/h in a 5-minute period significantly increased the odds of a hamstring muscle injury (OR 7.147) in male professional football players.

Authors

VMVíctor Moreno-PérezVSVíctor Javier Sotos-MartínezALAlejandro López‐Valenciano

Discussion

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Overview

High-speed running bouts may elevate hamstring injury risk in elite football; hypothesis-generating for load-management trials.

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=281)

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Does a short period of higher running demands increase the risk of hamstring muscle injury in professional football players?

P
Population
281 male professional football players from the Spanish LaLiga were prospectively monitored over three seasons to examine match running patterns before a non-contact hamstring muscle injury.
E
Exposure
Running distances at different speed thresholds for 5 min and 15 min before the injury.
C
Comparator
Mean values of running distances at different speed thresholds for the same time points in the previous 5 matches (control matches).
O
Outcome
Non-contact hamstring muscle injury during an official match.

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 7.147 (95% CI 2.689–18.992)

Absolute Event Rate: 51.1% vs 28.8%

p-value: p=<0.001

A short 5-minute period of unusually high running demands significantly increases the risk of hamstring muscle injury in professional football players.

Limitations

  • Sample consisted only of male professional football players, which may not be generalizable to other sports or female athletes.
  • Did not quantify training load or self-perceived fatigue during the training week before the matches.
  • Only analyzed running 5 and 15 minutes before the injury, potentially missing the effects of prior fatigue accumulated throughout the match.
  • Only hamstring muscle injuries during competitive matches were investigated, excluding training injuries.
  • Low number of recurrent injuries prevented a sub-analysis of running patterns before recurrent injuries.

Cite This Study

Moreno-Pérez et al. (2023) conducted an observational in Hamstring muscle injury (n=281). Running > 30.0 m at ≥ 21 km/h in a 5-min period vs. Control matches (previous 5 matches for the same time points) was evaluated on Hamstring muscle injury occurrence (OR 7.147, 95% CI 2.689-18.992, p=<0.001). Running more than 30.0 m at speeds ≥ 21 km/h in a 5-minute period significantly increased the odds of a hamstring muscle injury (OR 7.147) in male professional football players.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa8cb4c9d45671f927de2cbhttps://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2024.127387
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Hamstring injury rates have increased during recent seasons and now constitute 24% of all injuries in men’s professional football: the UEFA Elite Club Injury Study from 2001/02 to 2021/222022 · 360 citations
  2. 2Hamstring injuries in elite Gaelic football: an 8-year investigation to identify injury rates, time-loss patterns and players at increased risk2016 · 69 citations
  3. 3Understandingthe impact of hamstring injuries on match performance in Spanish professionalsoccer players<b></b>2023 · 2 citations
  4. 4What Are the Consequences of Hamstring Injuries on Soccer Players’ Match Running Performance? A Systematic Review2025
  5. 5No association between rate of torque development and onset of muscle activity with increased risk of hamstring injury in elite football2018 · 17 citations