A procedure has been developed for preparation of clean surfaces of oxide superconductors for study by electron spectroscopy. This involves annealing, ceramic or thin films samples under an oxygen atmosphere in a preparation chamber that is an integral part of the spectrometer UHV system. The technique has allowed the authors to obtain high quality spectroscopic data from YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-x , Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca n-1 Cu n O 4+2n (n=2,3) and La 2-x Sr x CuO 4 . The results are considered in relation to other contemporary work. Current areas of controversy are highlighted, including a discussion of Fermi edge and satellite structure in valence region spectra and evidence for mixed valency in Cu:2p and O:1s core regions.
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Egdell et al. (1990) studied this question.
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