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June 20, 2025The Egyptian Heart JournalOpen Access

Impact of cardiac rehabilitation on anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life in cardiovascular patients

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Key result

Structured cardiac rehabilitation is associated with lower anxiety and depression in CVD patients.

  • MD -0.93
  • 95% CI -1.42 to -0.44
  • P<0.001
  • n=189

Why the study?

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of an exercise- and healthy habit-based cardiac rehabilitation program on anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life, and assess how baseline anxiety and depression influence these outcomes.

Does a structured cardiac rehabilitation program improve anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life in patients with cardiovascular conditions?

Population

189 patients with cardiovascular conditions completing a structured cardiac rehabilitation program

Comparison

Pre- vs post-intervention assessments

Design

Longitudinal observational single-arm study

Authors

EGEstrella García-SánchezMSMirian Santamaría‐PeláezJGJerónimo J. González‐Bernal

Discussion

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Overview

Cardiac rehab was associated with reduced anxiety/depression and improved HRQoL; leaves open whether RCTs would confirm benefits and support routine integration.

Study Design

Type

Cohort (n=189)

Structured PICO

Does a structured cardiac rehabilitation program improve anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life in patients with cardiovascular conditions?

P
Population
189 patients with cardiovascular disease (mean age 60.7 years, 16.9% female) who completed a structured cardiac rehabilitation program, evaluated pre- and post-intervention.
I
Intervention
Structured cardiac rehabilitation program based on physical exercise and the promotion of healthy habits
O
Outcome
Anxiety and depression (assessed using the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale) and health-related quality of life (measured with the RAND-36 survey)patient reported

Main Result

Mean Difference: -0.93 (95% CI -1.42–-0.44)

Absolute Event Rate: 1.91% vs 2.89%

p-value: p=<0.001

Participation in a structured cardiac rehabilitation program is associated with significant reductions in anxiety and depression and improvements in health-related quality of life among cardiovascular patients.

Limitations

  • Observational design and absence of a control group limit causal interpretations.
  • Gender disparities in representation (83.1% male) may limit generalizability.
  • Reliance on self-reported measures introduces potential response bias.
  • Overwhelmingly high proportion of participants with ischemic heart disease limits generalizability to other cardiac conditions.
  • observational design
  • absence of a control group

Cite This Study

García-Sánchez et al. (2025) conducted a cohort in Cardiovascular disease (n=189). Cardiac rehabilitation program vs. Pre-intervention baseline was evaluated on Anxiety (Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale) (MD -0.93, 95% CI -1.42 to -0.44, p=<0.001). A structured cardiac rehabilitation program significantly reduced anxiety (mean difference -0.93) and depression (mean difference -0.62) in patients with cardiovascular disease.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa8d7f73fd47ff0746c8288https://doi.org/10.1186/s43044-025-00658-8
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The long‐term benefits of cardiac rehabilitation on depression, anxiety, physical activity and quality of life2010 · 176 citations
  2. 2Depression and anxiety in cardiac rehabilitation: differential associations with changes in exercise capacity and quality of life2021 · 42 citations
  3. 3Effectiveness of e-Health cardiac rehabilitation program on quality of life associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression in moderate-risk patients2021 · 23 citations
  4. 4The Impact of Cardiac Rehabilitation on the Level of Anxiety and Symptoms of Depression in Patients after Coronary Revascularization2021 · 4 citations
  5. 5Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Anxiety and Depression in Post-coronary Artery Bypass Patients2025