Key result
IGF-1 rs6214 GG genotype linked to ~21-fold higher diabetic nephropathy risk in type 2 diabetes.
Why the study?
Diabetic nephropathy represents a major health problem in diabetes, prompting studies to identify susceptibility genes such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) polymorphisms in Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes.
Do IGF-1 gene polymorphisms (rs6214 and rs10860860) increase the risk of diabetic nephropathy in Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes?
Case-Control (n=77)
No
Do IGF-1 gene polymorphisms (rs6214 and rs10860860) increase the risk of diabetic nephropathy in Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes?
Odds Ratio: 20.57 (95% CI 2.25–74)
Absolute Event Rate: 46.2% vs 15.4%
p-value: p=0.001
IGF-1 gene polymorphisms rs6214 and rs10860860 are significantly associated with an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy in Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes.
Should not yet change nephropathy screening in type 2 diabetes; hypothesis-generating for IGF-1 rs6214 validation in prospective cohorts.
Genetic-based studies are being carried out worldwide to identify the susceptibility genes for diabetic nephropathy (DN), which represents a major health problem in all diabetics. To study the association between genotypes of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and DN among Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes and if there is any possible relation between these polymorphisms and different variables. A total of 26 diabetics without nephropathy (group 1) and 26 with nephropathy (group 2), with an average age of 52.7±6.1 years, and 25 age-matched and sex-matched healthy participants (control group) were included. Two tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms were assessed in IGF-1 gene: rs6214 and rs10860860. Genotypic distribution was tested for Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The genotype was evaluated using the χ 2 tests. Fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, uric acid, lipid profile, serum creatinine, and urine albumin–creatinine ratio were assessed. The distribution of IGF-1 gene polymorphisms reflects a significant association with DN, where the frequency of variant genotype GG in polymorphism rs6214 was found to be significantly higher in diabetics with nephropathy than other groups [odds ratio (OR)=20.57; 95% confidence interval, 2.25–74; P =0.001). Moreover, the frequency of variant AA in polymorphism rs10860860 was also found to be significantly higher in diabetics with nephropathy (OR=7.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.87–30.07; P =0.001). However, GA and AT alleles were found to be associated with ORs less than 1 in diabetics with nephropathy when compared with other groups ( P =0.002 and 0.007, respectively), which means that it could be significantly protective against DN. where they found to be significantly higher in diabetics with genotype GG than those with genotype GA ( P =0.13, 0.11 respectively). The variants of IGF-1 rs6214 and rs10860860 could entail a risk of DN in Egyptians with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It means that the type of IGF-1 gene polymorphism is responsible for the susceptibility of DN more than its serum level.
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Hegazi et al. (2018) conducted a case-control in Diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes (n=77). IGF-1 gene polymorphisms (rs6214 and rs10860860) vs. Diabetics without nephropathy and healthy controls was evaluated on Association of variant genotype GG in polymorphism rs6214 with diabetic nephropathy (OR 20.57, 95% CI 2.25-74, p=0.001). The variant genotype GG in IGF-1 polymorphism rs6214 was significantly associated with a higher risk of diabetic nephropathy in Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes (OR 20.57).
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