Key result
Higher BMI and type 2 diabetes are linked to increased gastric residual volume and antral grade.
Why the study?
Gastric contents increase aspiration risk, a dreaded complication causing anesthesia-related deaths, and preoperative gastric ultrasound was suggested to determine residual volume.
Population
Adult patients undergoing elective surgery excluding those with prior gastrointestinal surgery and parturients
Comparison
Gastric ultrasound measurements correlated across various patient factors
Design
Observational study
Authors
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Gastric ultrasound detects high-risk residual volumes in ~3% of fasted elective patients; leaves open whether routine use improves outcomes in BMI>30 or diabetic subgroups.
Observational (n=411)
No
p-value: p=0.026
Preoperative point-of-care gastric ultrasound can identify patients with significant gastric residual volume despite adequate fasting, particularly those with BMI >30 or type 2 diabetes.
Chaitra et al. (2023) conducted an observational in Preoperative elective surgery (n=411). Patient risk factors (BMI > 30 and Type 2 Diabetes) vs. Patients with BMI < 30 and without Type 2 Diabetes was evaluated on Gastric residual volume and antral grade (risk of aspiration) (p=0.026). Increased BMI (p=0.026) and type 2 diabetes (p=0.045) were significantly associated with higher antral grade and increased gastric residual volume in patients undergoing elective surgery.
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