Key result
Inflammatory bowel disease was significantly associated with an increased risk of acute coronary syndromes in 15 of 20 observational studies comprising approximately 132 million subjects.
Why the study?
Evidence points toward a possible association between inflammatory bowel disease and increased acute coronary syndrome risk, but data remain inconclusive.
Does inflammatory bowel disease increase the risk of acute coronary syndromes?
Systematic Review (n=132,000,000)
Does inflammatory bowel disease increase the risk of acute coronary syndromes?
Inflammatory bowel disease appears to be associated with an increased risk of acute coronary syndromes, particularly during active flares, hospitalizations, and in younger patients.
(1) Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induces a process of systemic inflammation, sharing common ground with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Growing evidence points towards a possible association between IBD and an increased risk of ACS, yet the topic is still inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review aiming to clarify these gaps in the evidence. (2) Methods: We conducted a systematic search on EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PubMed, identifying observational studies published prior to November 2020. The diagnosis of IBD was confirmed via histopathology or codes. Full articles that fulfilled our criteria were included. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). (3) Results: We included twenty observational studies with a total population of ~132 million subjects. Fifteen studies reported a significant association between ACS and IBD, while the remaining five studies reported no increase in ACS risk in IBD patients. (4) Conclusions: ACS risk in IBD patients is related to hospitalizations, acute active flares, periods of active disease, and complications, with a risk reduction during remission. Interestingly, a general increase in ACS risk was reported in younger IBD patients. The role of corticosteroids and oral contraceptive pills in increasing the ACS risk of IBD patients should be investigated.
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Jaaouani et al. (2021) conducted a systematic review in Inflammatory bowel disease (n=132,000,000). Inflammatory bowel disease vs. No inflammatory bowel disease was evaluated on Acute coronary syndrome. Inflammatory bowel disease was significantly associated with an increased risk of acute coronary syndromes in 15 of 20 observational studies comprising approximately 132 million subjects.
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