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September 15, 2026Black Sea Journal of Agriculture

A Low-Power, IP68-Compliant, BLE-Based Multi-Station Smart Irrigation Control Unit for Agricultural Applications

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Authors

SESamet EyicilYTYavuz TuranİKİbrahim Keleş

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Overview

Engineering evaluation demonstrates efficient multi-station smart irrigation using a low-power Bluetooth controller, indicating durable automated water management in agricultural settings.

Key Points

  • Design, build, and assess a low-power, IP68-rated smart irrigation control unit capable of managing multiple stations via Bluetooth Low Energy for agricultural use.
  • Engineered an electronic control board utilizing an STM32F103 microcontroller configured to independently manage six irrigation stations.
  • Integrated environmental monitoring inputs (rain, frost, and wind sensors) alongside a user-configurable cycle and soak algorithm to govern watering intervals.
  • Developed a mobile application interface using Bluetooth Low Energy (range up to ~15 meters) powered by a 9V alkaline battery (550 mAh) in an IP68 waterproof housing.
  • Maintained autonomous, sensor-responsive watering across six independent stations while allowing wireless scheduling, historical logging, and manual operation up to 15 meters away.
  • Achieved an operational lifespan of approximately 6 months on a single 550 mAh 9V battery and approximately 1 year on two batteries under harsh outdoor conditions.

Cite This Study

Eyicil et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa9136e9013453be30a14c6https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.2004639
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