Key result
Emerging Senecavirus A causes swine vesicular disease requiring diagnostic differentiation from foot-and-mouth disease.
Why the study?
Senecavirus A causes vesicular disease indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease virus and has become endemic in some regions, creating a need to understand its pathogenesis, detection, and control.
Senecavirus A is an emerging endemic disease in swine that is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease, highlighting the need for understanding its pathogenesis and developing efficacious vaccines.
Diagnostic differentiation from FMD is essential for Senecavirus A in swine; leaves open pathogenesis and vaccine needs.
Senecavirus A (SVA) has been demonstrated to be a causative agent for vesicular disease in swine. It is clinically indistinguishable from other agents that cause vesicular disease such as foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), which is a reportable foreign animal disease (FAD). Thus, an investigation is initiated to rule out FMDV every time a vesicle is observed. Senecavirus A has now been reported across the Americas and Asia, and it appears the ecology of this virus has changed from sporadic infections to an endemic disease in some areas. In addition to vesicular disease, there have also been reports of increased neonatal mortality on affected sow farms. Knowledge about the pathogenesis of SVA in swine can provide many benefits to the swine industry. Understanding how long the virus can be detected in various sample types after infection can aide in choosing the correct samples to collect for diagnosis. In addition, the duration of virus shedding can help determine measures to control virus spread between animals. Prevention of SVA infection and disease with an efficacious vaccine could improve swine welfare, minimize SVA transmission, and reduce the burden of FAD investigations.
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Buckley et al. (2022) conducted a review in Senecavirus A (SVA) infection. Senecavirus A was evaluated. Senecavirus A is an emerging causative agent of vesicular disease and neonatal mortality in swine that is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease, requiring diagnostic differentiation.
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