Key result
Cell block immunohistochemistry for MDM2 confirms dedifferentiated liposarcoma in a patient with malignant effusion.
Why the study?
Sarcomas presenting as malignant effusions are rare, and diagnosing them on fluid cytology is challenging because cells undergo morphological changes mimicking carcinoma or mesothelioma.
Case Report (n=1)
Utilizing immunohistochemistry on cell block samples enhances diagnostic accuracy for rare sarcomas presenting as malignant effusions.
May support MDM2 IHC on effusion cell blocks for rare sarcomas; leaves open need for validation before wider adoption.
INTRODUCTION: Sarcomas presenting as malignant effusions are rare, and diagnosing them on fluid cytology requires expertise and clinicoradiological correlation as cells undergo morphological changes, mimicking carcinoma or mesothelioma. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 70-year-old man with abdominal distention and pain, initially suggestive of carcinoma on peritoneal fluid cytology. However, subsequent analysis with immunohistochemistry on the cell block revealed diffuse nuclear positivity for MDM2, leading to the diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma. CONCLUSION: The cytological diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma is challenging and requires a high index of suspicion, with clinicoradiological correlation. Utilizing immunohistochemistry on cell block samples enhances diagnostic accuracy and guides appropriate patient management.
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Prabhu et al. (2024) conducted a case report in Intraperitoneal Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma (n=1). Immunohistochemistry on cell block (MDM2) was evaluated on Diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Immunohistochemistry on the cell block revealing diffuse nuclear positivity for MDM2 enabled the diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma in a 70-year-old man with malignant effusion.
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