Scratches in the Shadows: A Clinico-epidemiological Study of Animal Bites in Uluberia, West Bengal

Background: Rabies remains a fatal and neglected public health threat, particularly in resource-limited regions. Despite the availability of vaccines, gaps in awareness and post-exposure practices persist. In Howrah, West Bengal, localized data on rabies exposure and treatment-seeking behavior are limited. This study was conducted to assess the clinico-epidemiological profile of animal bite victims attending the Anti-Rabies Immunization Clinic at Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay Government Medical College and Hospital (SCCGMCH), Uluberia, Howrah. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and July, 2025. First-time clinic attendees were interviewed using a pre-tested and pre-designed schedule. Data on demographics, bite characteristics, wound management, and health-seeking behavior were collected. Systematic random sampling was used to select participants. Data analysis was conducted using R (v4.5.1); P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The study received ethical clearance from the institutional ethics committee of SCCGMCH. Results: Out of 189 approached, 188 participants were enrolled. Most were women (52.1%), from panchayat areas (69.2%), and belonged to lowersocio-economic groups (82.9%). Cats were the most common biting animals (55.8%). Only 7.4% practiced recommended wound washing. Most bites occurred at home and affected the lower limbs. Though 87.2% visited government facilities, 5.8% delayed care beyond 48 h. Proper wound washing was significantly associated with education, socio-economic status, and animal type. Conclusion: The study reveals a unique local pattern of rabies exposure dominated by cat bites and poor wound care practices. These findings highlight the need for targeted awareness campaigns and expanded surveillance beyond dogs. Strengthening education and timely post-exposure care is essential to reduce rabies risk in this region.