Key result
Paternal secondary education is linked to ~172% higher hypertension odds among Sudanese adolescents.
Why the study?
Elevated blood pressure is increasing among children and adolescents worldwide, but limited data on adolescent hypertension have been published in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Sudan.
Cross-Sectional (n=384)
Yes
Approximately 1 in 10 adolescents in northern Sudan has hypertension, which is significantly associated with lower paternal education and increasing BMI.
May inform adolescent BP screening in Sudan; leaves open whether BMI- or education-focused interventions reduce prevalence.
OBJECTIVES: There is an increasing rate of elevated blood pressure, or hypertension, in children and adolescents worldwide, including Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Only a few data on adolescent hypertension in SSA, including Sudan, have been published. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adolescent schoolchildren (within the ages of 10 to 19 years) in Sudan. DESIGN: A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted from June to September 2022. SETTINGS: Six randomly selected schools in Almatamah, River Nile State, Sudan. PARTICIPANTS: Adolescent schoolchildren (within the ages of 10 to 19 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sociodemographic information. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were performed in accordance with the standard procedures. An adjusted logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: ), respectively. Of the 384 adolescents, 240 (62.5%) and 255 (66.4%) had educated mothers and fathers (≥secondary), respectively. 38 adolescents (9.9%) had hypertension (≥95th percentile). The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that age, sex and maternal educational level were not associated with hypertension. Paternal educational level according to secondary education attainment (adjusted OR (AOR), 2.72; 95% CI 1.36‒5.46) and increasing BMI (AOR, 1.12; 95% CI 1.02‒1.20) were associated with hypertension. CONCLUSION: 1 in 10 adolescents in northern Sudan was hypertensive. Low paternal educational level and increasing BMI were significantly associated with hypertension. The introduction of interventional nutritional programmes at early ages is needed to ensure that adolescents are healthy in their present and later lives. To sustain such programmes, involving all educational parties at early stage is essential.
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Hassan et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in hypertension (n=384). Paternal secondary education attainment was evaluated on hypertension (≥95th percentile) (AOR 2.72, 95% CI 1.36-5.46). Among adolescents in Sudan, hypertension prevalence was 9.9% and was significantly associated with paternal secondary education attainment (AOR 2.72; 95% CI 1.36-5.46) and increasing BMI.
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