Circulating Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells are Associated with Coronary Stenoses in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Figures

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  Figure 1. Flowchart. HSPCs, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.

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  Figure 2. HSPCs frequency in CHD patients. Mild coronary stenosis <50% (A) and severe coronary stenosis ≥70% (B), as detected by coronary angiography. (C) The percentage of CD11b+ cells in freshly isolated HSPCs (C). (D) HSPCs were plated on Methylcelluose cultures for 14 days. Cells were harvested and stained with anti-human CD11b. The percentage of CD11b+ cells was shown. (E) HSPCs frequency in subjects with and without CHD. (F) HSPCs frequency in CAD with different extents of stenosis. HSPCs frequencies in e and fare expressed as mean and 95% CI. (G–I) Representative FACS plot of HSPCs analysis. Among all samples, at least8728 (95%CI, 5783–11674) CD34+ cells were obtained in the analysis. (J,K) The correlation curves of HSPCs frequency and white blood cell count or neutrophil count in CHD patients, respectively.

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  Figure 3. We divided the study population of 468 participants using coronary artery stenosis and circulating biomarkers. V-plots were generated for the PLS-DA-derived VIP scores versus the centred and rescaled correlation coefficients. HSPCs, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes are expressed as percentages among white blood cells. HSPCs, CRP, serum triglyceride, fibrinogen and D-dimer were logarithmically transformed in the analysis. VIP represents the importance of each marker in the construction of the PLS factors. The correlation coefficients reflect the association of significant coronary stenosis (≥70%) with each marker. The markers with VIP score ≥1 and VIP score <1 are indicated in red and cyan blue, respectively.

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  Figure 4. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for prediction of significant coronary stenosis (from <70% to ≥70%). Blue, red, green and black lines identify C-reactive protein, HSPCs, white blood cell count and LDL-cholesterol, respectively.

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  Figure 5. −Log10(p) probability plot of the multivariable-adjusted associations of various indexes of left ventricular function with the biomarkers. −Log10(p) probability plot of the multivariable-adjusted associations of various indexes of left ventricular function with the biomarkers in CHD patients. All analyses were adjusted for covariables, including age, sex, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, plasma glucose, serum creatinine, plasma glucose, γ-glutamyltransferase, smoking, alcohol intake, history of hypertension (1 or 0), history of diabetes (1 or 0), use of diuretics, inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin system (β-blockers, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin type1 receptor blockers), vasodilators (calcium-channel blockers and α-blockers), metformin and statins. With the exceptions of LDL-c and HDL-c, all other biomarkers were additionally adjusted with total-to-HDL-c ratio. Biomarkers in Fig. 3 as well as creatinine kinase (CK), brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) and cardiac troponin I (TnI) were analysed and those with p < 0.05 are named here.