Key result
Light alcohol consumption is linked to ~17% lower PAD risk versus non-drinkers.
Why the study?
The association between alcohol consumption and the risk of peripheral artery disease was inconclusive.
Does alcohol consumption affect the risk of incident peripheral artery disease in adults?
Meta-Analysis (n=475,522)
Yes
Does alcohol consumption affect the risk of incident peripheral artery disease in adults?
Relative Risk: 0.83 (95% CI 0.77–0.89)
p-value: p=<0.001
Light alcohol intake (≤2 drinks/week) is associated with a reduced risk of incident PAD, while higher intake (≥10 drinks/week) increases the risk, demonstrating a U-shaped association.
Light drinking may lower PAD risk in observational data; leaves open causality and optimal thresholds pending trials.
AIMS: The association between alcohol consumption and risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is inconclusive. We conducted this study to examine the association between alcohol consumption and PAD risk in two de novo cohort studies and a meta-analysis of observational studies. METHODS AND RESULTS: A systematic review was conducted to identify studies on alcohol consumption in relation to PAD risk. We further used data from two cohorts of 70 116 Swedish and 405 406 British adults and performed a meta-analysis of results from previously published studies and current cohort studies. There was a U-shaped association between alcohol consumption and incident PAD risk in the Swedish and British cohorts. The meta-analysis of results of these two cohorts and previously published studies found that compared with non- or never-drinkers, the relative risk of PAD was 0.83 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77-0.89], 0.81 (95% CI 0.74-0.90), and 0.94 (95% CI 0.83-1.07) for light, moderate, and high-to-heavy alcohol drinkers, respectively. The nonlinear meta-analysis revealed a possibly U-shaped association between alcohol consumption and PAD risk (P nonlinearity <0.001). The risk of PAD was observed to be the lowest for 2 drinks/week and to be pronounced for ≥10 drinks/week. All these associations persisted in a sensitivity meta-analysis including cohort and other types of observational studies. CONCLUSION: Alcohol intake ≤2 drinks/week was associated with a reduced risk of PAD, and the risk of PAD became pronounced with intake ≥10 drinkers/week.
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Yuan et al. (2024) conducted a meta-analysis in Peripheral artery disease (n=475,522). Alcohol consumption vs. Non- or never-drinkers was evaluated on Incident peripheral artery disease (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.77-0.89, p=<0.001). Light alcohol consumption was associated with a reduced risk of peripheral artery disease compared to non-drinkers (RR 0.83; 95% CI 0.77-0.89), with a U-shaped association overall (P<0.001).
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