Key result
PDGFR-β inhibition prevents adipose hypertrophy and MR inhibitors suppress chronic inflammation in NASH.
Why the study?
Adipose tissue expansion and chronic inflammation are closely related to NASH pathology, prompting exploration of novel therapeutic approaches targeting angiogenesis and chronic inflammation.
Inhibition of PDGF receptor-β signaling and mineralocorticoid receptor inhibitors like eplerenone represent potential novel therapeutic approaches for NASH by suppressing adipose tissue hypertrophy and chronic inflammation.
Tissue expansion and chronic inflammation in adipose tissue (AT) are closely related to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) pathology. Angiogenesis is initiated by the detachment of pericytes (PCs) from vessels in AT. This process is necessary for the development of AT in obesity. The detachment is caused by excessive platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) derived from M1-macrophages (Mφ) infiltrating obese AT. On the other hand, AT of tamoxifen-induced systemic PDGF receptor-β knockout mice showed decreased detachment of PCs from vessels in obesity, thereby attenuating hypertrophy of AT mediated by neoangiogenesis, resulting in protection from the development of chronic AT inflammation and systemic insulin resistance. The selective mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) inhibitor eplerenone (Ep) suppresses chronic inflammation in fat and the liver, improves glucose and lipid metabolism, and inhibits body weight and fat mass gain in mice fed a high-fat diet. As a novel mechanism, Ep increases energy expenditure and suppresses fat accumulation, thereby controlling the polarity of visceral AT Mφ from inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 dominant. In addition, Ep directly inhibits the activation of signals 1 and 2 of NLRP3-inflammasomes in Mφ, which is an inflammatory mechanism closely involved in the development of NASH. Thus, we propose novel therapeutic approaches to NASH. Inhibition of PDGF receptor-β signaling prevents AT hypertrophy by regulating AT angiogenesis, and MR inhibitors directly suppress chronic inflammation in the AT and liver.
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Wada et al. (2019) conducted a review in Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Mineralocorticoid receptor inhibitors and PDGFRb signaling inhibition was evaluated. Inhibition of PDGF receptor-beta signaling prevents adipose tissue hypertrophy by regulating angiogenesis, and mineralocorticoid receptor inhibitors directly suppress chronic inflammation in NASH.
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