Key result
COVID-19 infection linked to ~3-fold higher mortality in young patients with cardiac pathologies.
Why the study?
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of the pandemic on cardiac pathologies, especially acute coronary syndrome, in young patients.
Does the COVID-19 pandemic period increase mortality and alter the presentation of cardiac pathologies in young patients?
Observational (n=510)
No
Does the COVID-19 pandemic period increase mortality and alter the presentation of cardiac pathologies in young patients?
Absolute Event Rate: 7.9% vs 2.6%
p-value: p=0.016
The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increase in severe acute coronary syndromes and significantly higher mortality among young patients with cardiac pathologies.
May warrant closer monitoring of young cardiac patients during respiratory pandemics; leaves open direct causality versus care disruptions.
Aim: It was aimed to evaluate the effect of pandemic in cardiac pathologies, especially acute coronary syndrome in young cases.Material and Method: Between January 2019-May 2021, 510 young patients aged between 18-50 years with acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmia or pericarditis were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups as pre-pandemic and pandemic period, and the pandemic period was divided into two groups as Coronavirus Disesase 2019 (COVID) (-)/(+). In addition, patients were divided into groups according to their diagnosis. Demographic data, diagnostic classifications, COVID-PCR results, white blood cell, mean corpuscular volume, neutrophil, lymphocyte, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, platelet, platelet lymphocyte ratio, C reactive protein, glucose, troponin values and survival data of the patients were recorded.Results: The median age of 510 patients included in the study was 44(39-48) years, 395(77.5%) were male. When the diagnoses were put into groups by time, unstable angina was the most common diagnosis in each group. In the COVID(+) group, 39(23.8%) non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), 17(10.4%) inferior MI, and 14(8.5%) anterior MI were found. Twenty three (4.5%) of all cases resulted in mortality. According to the diagnoses, the most common mortality was in the inferior MI group with 10(28.6%) cases (p<0.001). During the pandemic period, 13(7.9%) of the COVID(+) patients resulted in mortality (p=0.016). Conclusion: Acute coronary syndrome cases and cardiac pathologies other than unstable angina increased in young cases during the pandemic process. Mortality rates in all groups increased significantly during the pandemic and especially in COVID(+) cases compared to pre-pandemic.
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Burak Demirci (2023) conducted an observational in Acute coronary syndrome, pericarditis, and arrhythmia (n=510). COVID-19 infection during the pandemic vs. Pre-pandemic period was evaluated on Mortality (p=0.016). COVID-19 infection during the pandemic was associated with a significantly higher mortality rate (7.9%) in young patients with cardiac pathologies compared to the pre-pandemic period (2.6%, p=0.016).
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