Key result
SpO2 and ORi™ mirrored the changes in SaO2 and PaO2 in a SCUBA diver, confirming expected hyperoxia at depth.
Why the study?
Hypoxia and hyperoxia can affect SCUBA divers, but validated methods to monitor these conditions underwater are lacking.
Do non-invasive SpO2 and ORi™ measurements accurately reflect arterial blood gas changes in a SCUBA diver?
Case Report (n=1)
Do non-invasive SpO2 and ORi™ measurements accurately reflect arterial blood gas changes in a SCUBA diver?
Non-invasive monitoring with SpO2 and ORi™ may be a feasible method to track oxygenation changes in SCUBA divers, mirroring arterial blood gas values.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
SpO2 and ORi™ may feasibly track hyperoxia in divers; leaves open validation in larger cohorts before clinical use.
Hypoxia and hyperoxia are both worrisome issues potentially affecting SCUBA divers, but validated methods to monitor these two conditions underwater are still lacking. In this experiment, a volunteer SCUBA diver was equipped with a pulse oximeter to detect peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and a device to monitor the oxygen reserve index (ORi™). ORi™ values were compared with arterial blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) and the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) obtained from the cannulated right radial artery at three steps: at rest out of water; at −15 m underwater after pedaling on a submerged bike; after resurfacing. SpO2 and ORi™ mirrored the changes in SaO2 and PaO2, confirming the expected hyperoxia at depth. To confirm the potential usefulness of an integrated SpO2 and ORi™ device, further studies are needed on a broader sample with different underwater conditions and diving techniques.
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Pumpo et al. (2023) conducted a case report in SCUBA diving (n=1). Oxygen Reserve Index (ORi™) and SpO2 monitoring vs. Arterial blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) and partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) was evaluated on Comparison of ORi™ and SpO2 with SaO2 and PaO2. SpO2 and ORi™ mirrored the changes in SaO2 and PaO2 in a SCUBA diver, confirming expected hyperoxia at depth.
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