Electron holes and heating in the reconnection dissipation region

Using particle‐in‐cell simulations and kinetic theory, we explore the current‐driven turbulence and associated electron heating in the dissipation region during 3D magnetic reconnection with a guide field. At late time the turbulence is dominated by the Buneman and lower hybrid instabilities. Both produce electron holes that co‐exist but have very different propagation speeds. The associated scattering of electrons by the holes enhances electron heating in the dissipation region.