Key result
Gut metabolites TMA and TMAO correlate with CAD progression while SCFAs and enterolignans may lower risk.
Why the study?
Disruption of gut microbiota and its metabolites have been linked to both protective effects and the progression of coronary artery disease.
Gut dysbiosis and specific microbiota-derived metabolites play a significant role in the progression and potential prevention of coronary artery disease.
Gut dysbiosis may influence CAD risk; leaves open whether microbiome-targeted therapies alter outcomes in prospective trials.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), one of the most prevalent heart diseases, has been caused due to the atherosclerotic plaque buildup in the walls of arteries. Alterations in the gut microbiome, also referred to as 'Gut Dysbiosis' has been previously associated with various diseases including CAD. Several other factors, including lifestyle changes, genetic factors and the environment, also affect the occurrence of CAD. Healthy gut microbial species and their metabolites have been linked with health benefits. Gut microbiome harbour around 1014 micro-organisms which influenced the overall human health. Enterolignans and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been considered as the promising metabolites which reduced the risk of CAD. However, other microbiota derived bioactive metabolites such as trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) contributed at a higher level to the progression of CAD, which consequently lead to failure of heart. The present review summarized the beneficial and adverse effects of disruption of gut microbiota in the progression of CAD.
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Usha et al. (2022) conducted a review in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Gut microbiome alterations (Gut Dysbiosis) was evaluated. Alterations in the gut microbiome and its metabolites, such as TMA and TMAO, contribute to the progression of coronary artery disease, whereas SCFAs and enterolignans may reduce CAD risk.
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