Cyclothymic affective temperament is independently associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in chronic hypertensive patients

Affective temperaments (depressive, anxious, irritable, hyperthymic, and cyclothymic) are regarded as the stable core of personality and when present in their dominant form, are considered subclinical manifestations and high-risk states for various affective disorders. Furthermore, cumulating evidence supports their relationship with cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to assess the association between affective temperaments and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in chronic hypertensive patients. In the present cross-sectional study, 296 patients referred to coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) due to suspected coronary artery disease were analyzed. All patients completed the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A). Left ventricular mass was quantified by CCTA and indexed to the body surface area (LVMi). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of LVH (men: ≥67.2 g/m2 and women: ≥54.7 g/m2). Among our patient cohort (mean age: 59.4 ± 10.6, 44.9% female), the median LVM and LVMi were 115.5 [88.4–140.7] g and 58.4 [47.4–64.2] g/m2, respectively. Elevated BMI (OR = 1.04 CI: 1.01–1.10, p = 0.04) and cyclothymic affective temperament scores (OR = 1.06 CI: 1.00–1.12, p = 0.04) significantly increased the odds of LVH in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Assessment of affective temperaments may allow for the identification of chronic hypertensive patients with elevated risk for LVH as a potential target for earlier primary intervention.