Immunologic biomarkers of noninfectious complications and overall survival in common variable immunodeficiency

BACKGROUND: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) includes a heterogeneous group of disorders of predominantly antibody deficiencies featuring infectious and noninfectious complications that might lead to severe organ damage and shortened survival. Appropriate clinical management of CVID has been hampered by the lack of robust biomarkers to predict the development of clinical complications and patient outcome. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association of individual serologic, cellular, and molecular biomarkers with disease behavior and outcome in CVID. Conversely, CVID-associated pathogenic/risk alleles did not emerge as independent factors associated with disease behavior and outcome. CONCLUSION: Our results provide a new set of biomarkers closely associated with infectious and noninfectious complications of CVID, which together predict survival and might contribute to guide patient monitoring and clinical management.