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The average equilibrium charges q ave of heavy recoil ions moving in helium gas were measured by a gas-filled recoil ion separator (GARIS). A new empirical formula to calculate q ave for superheavy recoil ions with a low velocity was derived. This formula was applicable to the search for a superheavy nuclide of 266Bh.
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Kaji et al. (2011) studied this question.
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