Allogenic Sticky Bone and Xenogenic Sticky Bone Versus Conventional Sticky Bone Preparations in Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation. Radiographic and Histological Evaluation. (Randomized Clinical Trial)

Among the most common methods for management of insufficient posterior maxillary alveolar ridge height are maxillary sinus floor augmentations. A wide array of graft materials being investigated to rehabilitate deficient maxillae. Recently sticky bone has been introduced characterized by being a composite graft formed via combining particulate bone substitutes together with PRF. The recent introduction of commercial sticky bone grafts composed of allogenic or xenogenic bone particulates with biological adhesive. Aim; To radiographically and histologically evaluate the use allogenic sticky bone versus xenogeneic sticky bone and comparing them to conventional sticky bone (autologous PRF + xenograft mixture) in maxillary sinus augmentation procedures. Methodology; maxillary sinuses grafted were divided into 3 groups; group I, grafted with allogenic sticky bone, group II xenogenic sticky bone and group III received autologous sticky bone. Radiographic results; groupI was superior to groupII and groupIII in graft stability during healing with the least amount of graft loss recorded. While bone density recorded non statistically significant difference between all groups. Histological evaluation; all groups showed active new bone formation with thin, interconnected trabeculae and highly vascularized marrow spaces. All groups exhibited osteoblast-lined trabeculae, but autologous sticky bone group demonstrated the most organized structure, greater bone volume, and highest cellularity. Concluding that Sticky bone either readymade or prepared by adding autologous flowable PRF has proven to be a successful technique in alveolar ridge augmentation procedures. Allogenic sticky bone is a superior alternative to commercially prepared xenogenic sticky bone in terms of bone regenerative properties and resultant bone quality.