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In this study, an automated signal processing technique, ensemble averaging, provided artifact-free impedance data which permitted analysis during quiet breathing and exercise in normal young male subjects. Moreover, impedance-derived stroke volumes and other cardiac indexes calculated by ensemble-averaging showed close correlation with those calculated by conventional hand digitization methods. The results indicate that ensemble averaging can considerably increase the potential applicability of impedance cardiography.
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Muzi et al. (1986) studied this question.
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