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As the aviation industry is characterized by a growth in aircraft size and flight frequency, runways are subjected to higher operational demands. Therefore, under the effect of repeated aeroplane loads which impair macro- and micro-texture as well as skid resistance, the surface friction of runways gradually decreases over time. This phenomenon can affect the effectiveness and safety of aircraft manoeuvring. This study focuses on the evaluation of friction dealing with the Norwegian airport of Oslo Gardermoen as a case study. Slurry sealing treatment is implemented on one of the two flexible runways; the technology is a cold mixture comprising bitumen emulsion, rejuvenating oil, water and granite aggregates. Further, the values of coefficient of friction are assessed in 2023, 2024 and 2025 by means of a custom vehicle. Also leveraging paired samples t-tests, the results of this case study document the beneficial effect apported by slurry sealing as the treated runway is characterized by better performance and lower friction decay compared to the untreated one. Further, extended standard linear model regression indicates that year of friction measurement, runway chainage and cumulative number of landings are determinant of runway surface friction in the considered case study.
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Faizi et al. (2026) studied this question.