A novel 8-bp duplication in ADAT3 causes mild intellectual disability

Inosine is a base located at wobble position 34 of the tRNA anticodon stem–loop, enabling the recognition of more than one codon in the translation process. A heterodimer consists of ADAT3 and ADAT2 and is involved in the adenosine-to-inosine conversion in tRNA. Here, we report the second novel ADAT3 mutation in a patient with microcephaly, intellectual disability, and hyperactivity. These findings constitute a second mutation and expand the clinical spectrum of extremely rare ADAT3 mutations.