Rotenone is a mitochondria toxin, that exert its effect by free radical generation and inhibiting the activity of complex I, leading to mitochondria damage.NADH-succinate dehydrogenase is a mitochondria enzyme used as a biomarker of mitochondria integrity.Antiaris africana is a plant in Nigeria, generally used for the treatment of nervous disorders.We have already reported the neuroprotective effect of crude extract of A. africana on rotenone toxicity.Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the protective effect of different solvent fractions of Antiaris africana against rotenone induced damage to mitochondria fraction in the cerebrocortex region of the brain.crude extract of A. africana was partitioned into n-hexane (HFA), methanol (MFA) and dichloromethane (DFA).Each fraction was evaluated against rotenone-induced inhibition of NADH succinate-dehydrogenase activity, lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyl (PC), depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH) and increased monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in vitro.Solvent fractions treatment leads to significant reduction in the level of LPO, PC and activity of MAO at P<0.05.The rotenone-induced inhibition of mitochondria electron transport system viz inhibition of NADH succinate dehydrogenase was reversed by all fractions of A. africana while the level of GSH was significantly increased (P<0.001).The result showed that all the fractions of A. africana, showed neuroprotective activity at varying degree, suggesting they each solvent fraction may possess bioactive phytochemicals that can be isolated for treatment of some neurodegenerative diseases.
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Omotayo B. Ilesanmi (2019) studied this question.
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