Safety and Pharmacokinetic Effects of TNP-470, an Angiogenesis Inhibitor, Combined With Paclitaxel in Patients With Solid Tumors: Evidence for Activity in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

PURPOSE: Preclinical studies suggested that the antiangiogenic agent TNP-470 was synergistic with cytotoxic therapy. TNP-470 was administered with paclitaxel to adults with solid tumors to define the safety and optimal dose of the combination regimen and to assess pharmacokinetic interactions. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-two patients were enrolled chronologically onto one of two treatment arms. Arm A involved a fixed TNP-470 dose with escalating doses of paclitaxel, and Arm B involved a fixed paclitaxel dose with escalating doses of TNP-470. Paclitaxel and TNP-470 pharmacokinetics were evaluated along with toxicity. RESULTS: The combination of TNP-470 administered at 60 mg/m(2) three times per week and paclitaxel 225 mg/m(2) administered over 3 hours every 3 weeks was defined as both the maximum-tolerated dose and the optimal dose. Myelosuppression was similar to that expected with paclitaxel alone. Mild to moderate neurocognitive impairment was observed; however, the majority of changes were subclinical and reversible as determined by prestudy and poststudy neuropsychiatric test results. A clinically insignificant decrease of paclitaxel clearance was observed for the combination. Median survival for all patients was 14.1 months. Partial responses were reported in eight (25%) of 32 patients and in six (38%) of 16 patients with NSCLC, 60% of whom had received prior chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: The combination of TNP-470 and paclitaxel, each at full single-agent dose, seems well tolerated, with minimal pharmacokinetic interaction between the two agents. Further studies of TNP-470 with chemotherapy regimens are warranted in NSCLC and other solid tumors.