Key result
Patients aged ≤ 30 years with acute coronary syndrome had a significantly higher prevalence of smoking (65.9% vs 32.2%) and lower prevalence of diabetes (7.3% vs 29.3%) compared to those aged 31-40 years.
Why the study?
The prevalence, clinical presentation, and risk factors of acute coronary syndrome in young patients are poorly described.
Observational (n=215)
No
Absolute Event Rate: 65.9% vs 32.2%
p-value: p=<0.001
This study highlights the distinct risk factor profiles, such as higher smoking rates in those ≤ 30 years and higher hypertension/diabetes in those 31-40 years, among young Indian patients presenting with ACS.
Higher smoking rates in ACS patients ≤30 years may guide risk assessment; hypothesis-generating for age-specific prevention in young Indians.
Background: The prevalence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) focusing on clinical presentation andrisk factors in young patients is poorly described and hence the risk factors contributing to ACS in young patients along with the clinical profile was evaluated in this study.Material and Methods: Total 215 patients with ACS admitted in tertiary care hospital of India were included in this prospective, observational study.For all the enrolled patients, detailed history with the risk factors and angiography parameters were analyzed.The study population was divided into two groups based on their age i.e., ≤ 30 years old and 31-40 years old and analysis was made according to these groups.Baseline demographics and procedural data were recorded for the study population.Results: Majority of the patients enrolled were male and prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was observed to be higher among 31-40 years patients.Majority of the smokers in the study population belonged to age ≤ 30 years (65.9%) and patients of both the age group had habit of chewing tobacco.Angiographic parameters revealed that the most involved coronary artery was left anterior descending artery among the enrolled patients and majority of them had single vessel disease.Conclusion: In the present study, significant differences were observed in coronary risk factorslike hypertension, diabetes, smoking and type of myocardial infarction between young patients with age ≤ 30 years and 31-40 years old.Larger studies will be required to establish specific association among young population with ACS.
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Kadu et al. (2023) conducted an observational in Acute Coronary Syndrome (n=215). Age ≤ 30 years vs. Age 31-40 years was evaluated on Prevalence of smoking (p=<0.001). Patients aged ≤ 30 years with acute coronary syndrome had a significantly higher prevalence of smoking (65.9% vs 32.2%) and lower prevalence of diabetes (7.3% vs 29.3%) compared to those aged 31-40 years.
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