Laboratory experiments examining the fundamental processes in the conversion of light into electrical energy using photogalvanic cells have been developed. The basic components of the photogalvanic cells are photoelectrodes, consisting of a thin layer of nanocrystalline TiO 2 (anatase) sintered on conductive glass; low-cost counter electrodes (platinized razor foils from electric razors); and different sacrificial donors in the electrolyte solution. These simple cells are suitable for classroom investigations examining the operating principles of photogalvanic cells and the influence of different parameters on their efficiency. With these experiments instructors can introduce topics of modern research and technology into the curriculum.
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Bohrmann‐Linde et al. (2003) studied this question.