What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Class II and III obesity (n=202). Intervention: Hypertension and diabetes vs. Patients without hypertension or diabetes. Primary outcome: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR 12.3).

What does this research mean for the field?

In patients with class II and III obesity, hypertension and diabetes are strongly associated with chronic kidney disease, with adjusted odds ratios of 12.3 and 4.0, respectively. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the impact of age, duration of obesity, central adiposity markers, hypertension, and diabetes on the development of chronic kidney disease in class II and III obesity.

September 17, 2026NutritionOpen Access

Hypertension, diabetes, and central obesity as risk factors for chronic kidney disease in class II and III obesity patients

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Key result

Hypertension is linked to ~12-fold higher CKD odds in class II and III obesity.

OR 12.3
n=202

Why the study?

Obese patients have a high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes contributing to CKD, but the roles of age, central obesity, and obesity duration in renal disease development are unclear.

What are the risk factors for chronic kidney disease in patients with class II and III obesity?

Key Points

To evaluate the impact of age, duration of obesity, central adiposity markers, hypertension, and diabetes on the development of chronic kidney disease in class II and III obesity.
Recruited 202 class II-III obese patients from an outpatient obesity treatment program and categorized them into CKD and non-CKD groups.
Evaluated correlations between eGFR and parameters including age, HbA1c, duration of obesity, uACR, BMI, waist and neck circumference, a body shape index (ABSI), and conicity index (CI).
Calculated crude and adjusted odds ratios for CKD associated with hypertension and diabetes using multivariable models adjusting for age, gender, and race.
Overall CKD prevalence was 19.8% across the 202 participants.
Standard anthropometric measures (BMI, body weight, neck and waist circumference) did not correlate with eGFR, whereas ABSI, CI, age, HbA1c, uACR, and obesity duration inversely correlated with eGFR.
Adjusted odds ratios for developing CKD were 12.3 for patients with hypertension and 4.0 for patients with diabetes.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=202)

Structured PICO

What are the risk factors for chronic kidney disease in patients with class II and III obesity?

Population

202 patients with class II and III obesity recruited from an outpatient obesity treatment program.

Outcome

Presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and correlation of eGFR with age, HbA1c, duration of obesity, uACR, and anthropometric datasurrogate

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 12.3

In patients with class II and III obesity, systemic arterial hypertension and diabetes are the strongest risk factors for CKD, with central obesity also inversely correlating with renal function.

Discussion

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Implication

May warrant enhanced CKD monitoring in obese patients with hypertension or diabetes; leaves open causal inference and intervention targets.

Cite This Study

Sales et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Class II and III obesity (n=202). Hypertension and diabetes vs. Patients without hypertension or diabetes was evaluated on Chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR 12.3). In patients with class II and III obesity, hypertension and diabetes were strongly associated with chronic kidney disease (adjusted OR 12.3 and 4.0, respectively).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aabb6635f706d05830e4c68 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2026.113384

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Implication

May warrant enhanced CKD monitoring in obese patients with hypertension or diabetes; leaves open causal inference and intervention targets.

Hypertension, diabetes, and central obesity as risk factors for chronic kidney disease in class II and III obesity patients

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

Hypertension, diabetes, and central obesity as risk factors for chronic kidney disease in class II and III obesity patients

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Also Consider