Pseudomitrulaceace, fam. nov., and three new species of Pseudomitrula expand the known diversity of South American earth tongues

has little in common with taxa in these families that either form sessile or stalked cup- or cushion-shaped apothecia or cleistothecia or produce aquatic hyphomycetous or microscopically small asexual morphotypes. For these reasons, we propose the new family Pseudomitrulaceae within Helotiales. This study expands the knowledge of southern South American diversity of Leotiomycetes.